El Kogin Gulf of Bothnia Kogi ne wanda yake tsakanin yammacin Finland da gabashin Sweden. Yankin shimfidar sa ya kai kilomita 116.300, it yana da tsayi kilomita 725, tsakanin 80 zuwa 240 a fadi kuma yana da zurfin zurfin 60 m, kuma matsakaicin sa shine 295. Hannu ne na arewacin Tekun Baltic. Ruwansa ba su da zurfi, suna da sanyi sosai, ɓangaren arewacin da ke da sanyi na tsawon watanni 5 a shekara, kuma yana da ƙarancin gishiri, kuma nau'ikan kifayen da ke cikin ruwa suna iya rayuwa a cikin ruwansa.
Botnia latinization ne na tsoffin harshen Norse na nuna botn, ma'ana "low." Sunan botn an yi amfani da shi a gulf a matsayin Helsingjabotn a tsohon harshen Norse, sabanin Hälsingland, wanda shine sunan da aka ba yankin bakin teku yamma da gulf. Bayan haka, an yi amfani da daddawa ga yankunan Vottensterbotten da ke yammacin yamma da partsterbotten a bangaren gabas ("Basan Gabas" da "Bashin Yammacin"). Sunan Finnish Österbotten, Pohjanmaa, ko "Pohja" -land, yana ba da ma'ana game da ma'anarsa a cikin duka yarukan biyu: pohja na nufin "ƙasa" da "Arewa" a lokaci guda.
Kogin Gulf of Bothnia, tare da Tekun Baltic, wani bangare ne na waɗanda suka gabata, har zuwa lokacin da Pleistocene, ya samar da fili mai faɗi na kogin Eridanos. Wannan kogin ya samo asali ne daga yankin Lapland, ya ratsa ta inda yanzu yake Gulf of Bothnia, kuma ya wofintar da shi a cikin Tekun Arewa ya samar da wani yanki na tsauni mai girman gaske.
Daga Pleistocene akwai lokuta da yawa na glacierism ta inda yankin ya nitse a kasa da matakin teku saboda nauyin kankara. Wannan ya faru kimanin shekaru 700.000 da suka gabata. Tun daga wannan lokacin, halayen da suka tabbatar da abin da gulubin yanzu ke ciki sun kasance nauyin nauyin takardar ƙanƙarar da ke nutsar da yankin da kuma daidaita daidaiton mai zuwa.