Zvakatipoteredza muAustralia

Zvakatipoteredza muAustralia zvakasiyana kwazvo uye zvakapfuma kwazvo. Ramba uchifunga kuti isu tiri kutaura nezve nyika hombe ne angangoita mamirioni masere emakiromita, inopfuura kagumi neshanu kupfuura Spain. Muchokwadi, iri rechitanhatu pakukura pasirese.

Neichi chikonzero, kutaura nezve nharaunda muAustralia kutaura nezvekusiyana kukuru, kwenhamba yakakosha yemhando dzemiti uye, pamusoro pezvose, nemhuka ine mhuka dzakasiyana munyika. Kana iwe uchida kuziva zvishoma nezve iyi ndima inoshamisa, tinokukoka kuti uenderere mberi kuverenga.

Mamiriro ezvinhu akaita sei muAustralia?

Kunyangwe zvese, yakawanda ye Ositireriya iyo hafu-yakaoma uye gwenga. Nekudaro, kune hukuru hwakasiyana hwenzvimbo dzinogara kubva masango anodziya vakakwira alpine-mhando heaths uye kuti iwo mhedzisiro yemhando dzakasiyana dzemamiriro ekunze.

Zvese izvi, pamwe nekuparadzaniswa kwepasirese kwenharaunda yaro, zvakatungamira kuchikamu chikuru chemaruva ayo nemhuka zviripo endemic. Sezvo iwe uchiziva, iyi pfungwa inoreva kuti ivo vari munzvimbo iyoyo, asi hapana kumwe kunhu munyika. Kunyanya, zvinopfuura makumi masere muzana muzana emiti yayo uye zvipuka. Kune hove dzakadzikama dzemahombekombe egungwa, huwandu hwekupedzisira hunosvika XNUMX%, nepo XNUMX% yeshiri dzadzo dzinowanikwawo chete muAustralia. Naizvozvo, pasina kumwe kunonoka, tiri kuenda kuzotaura newe nezve iyo maruva uye, kunyanya, iyo mhuka, sezvo yekupedzisira iri kunyatsoda kuziva.

Zvakatipoteredza muAustralia: maruva

Zvakakosha uye zvakasarudzika ndezvinomera zvemunyika zvinoumba zvakakwana maruva umambo, dhinominesheni iri pasi penzvimbo hombe dzepasi redu dzine zvinomera zvakafanana.

Maererano ne RL Kutaura, Muzvinafundo weBotany paUniversity yeQueensland, ndima yeAustralia yakakamurwa kuita nzvimbo dzesango rinonaya mvura, eucalyptus nemasango emuacacia, savanna, steppes uye maquia. Iyo yekupedzisira inoumbwa neyakagadzika isingagumi shrub.

Pakati peizvi zvese zvinomera, izvo zvinonzi Masango emvura ekuGondwana, yakaziviswa Nhaka Yenyika neUNESCO. Iyi inzvimbo hombe yemakiromita angangoita zviuru zvina akaenzana pakati peVictoria neQueensland iri musha wemiti yakawanda yekare. Haisi iyo yega nzvimbo yeAustralia inobata zita iri. Zvakare iyo fraser chitsuwa inzvimbo Yenzvimbo Dzepasi Pose ne yayo mikuru kaurís pines uye ayo prehistoric ferns. Uye zvakafanana zvinogona kutaurwa nezve kufona Makomo ebhuruu, iri muNew South Wales, nemapaki ayo masere emunyika uye inoshamisa karst-mhando dombo mafomu muJenolan Cave.

Iyo huru coral chipingamupinyi

Kunyangwe ichi chimwe chishamiso chechisikigo chisinei nemiti kana mhuka, zvakakosha kuti titaure nezvazvo mune chinyorwa chakatsaurirwa kutaura nezve nharaunda muAustralia.

Ndiyo coral reef chikuru munyika, nehurefu hwemakiromita anopfuura zviuru zviviri uye hupamhi hwepamusoro hwemazana matatu, uye inomhanya kuburikidza nechikamu chakanaka chemaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwenyika ichipa zviwi zvakawanda. Iyo iri pakatarisana neQueensland, chaizvo mune inonzi inonzi coral sea.

Kunyangwe hazvo dzimwe nguva ichinzi mhuka hombe pasi rose, inotova nemapfupa ezviuru emakorari emakoroni ari echirongwa cheSleractinia. Zhinji zvakasara zvezvisikwa zvakaiswa pane izvi zvakasara.

Nekudaro, kushamisika kwechisikigo, kufanana nevamwe vazhinji, kuri kutyisidzirwa zvakanyanya nekudziya kwepasi nekusvibisa. Inotori panjodzi nekuredza hove kusingadzoreke uye mhuka mhuka senge korona-yeminzwa minzwa hove, iyo inoshatisa koral.

Kana iyo Great Reef yapera, imwe yeiyo ecological zvishongo zvepasi. Asi, pamusoro pezvo, iyo ecosystem yemarudzi mazhinji ehove dzegungwa, mawhale, dolphin uye kunyange makarwe uye dudongs zvaizoparadzwa. Idzi dzekupedzisira mhuka dzakasarudzika dzemhuri yeSirenid dzakasara semumiriri chete wejenasi yavo. Uye izvi zvinotitungamira kuti titaure newe nezve mhuka dzeAustralia.

Zvakatipoteredza muAustralia: mhuka

Kana maruva eAustralia achishamisa, haina kufanana nemhuka, idzo dzinewo marudzi mazhinji endemic. Isu takatokuudza kuti dzinoda kusvika makumi mapfumbamwe muzana emhuka dzinoyamwisa dziri, sezvakaitawo imwechete muzana yehove, mhuka dzesango, uye zvinokambaira. Asi chinonyanya kufadza ndechekuti mhuka idzi dzinosanganisira mhuka dziri pakati pe kunyanya kuda kuziva wenyika. Tichakuudza nezvevamwe vavo.

Iyo kangaroo nemamwe maruva

Iyo ingangove inonyanya kufarirwa mhuka idzi, kusvika padanho rekuti yave imwe yezviratidzo zveAustralia. Ino haisi iyo nzvimbo yekupa tsananguro yesainzi yemangaroo. Isu tinozozvimisikidza isu kukuudza iwe kuti ndevemhuri ye Macropodinae marsupials uye kuti kune matatu madiki munyika: red kangaroo, yekumabvazuva grey uye yekumadokero grey.

Asi iyi haisi yega marsupial muAustralia. Ndozvakaitawo vane hushamwari koala, the wombat kana the mhumhi tasmanian. Nekudaro, chaizvo pachitsuwa ichi imhuka yakasarudzika: iyo Tasmanian Dhiyabhorosi, iyo, kunyangwe iine zita rinotyisa, saizi yembwa diki uye ine hutema dema dema. Zvichida zita rayo rinokonzerwa nekunhuwirira kusingafadzi kwainopa uye nekuchema kwayo kunokanganisa.

Dingo reAustralia kana mhumhi

Yakagara munyika dzeAustralia kweanenge zviuru zvishanu zvemakore, panguva imwechete sevatanga kugara, iyo dingo inoonekwa se dzinza remhumhi weasia. Zvisinei, iyo inonziwo Imbwa yemusango nekuti inogovera hunhu hwakawanda nema canid epamba. Muchokwadi, maererano nedzimwe dzidziso, inogona kuve yakatangira.

Pakasvika maEuropean ekutanga muAustralia, vakayambuka imbwa dzavo nemhuka idzi. Naizvozvo, iyo yakachena dingo iri munjodzi yekutsakatika. Izvi zvave kureva kuti, munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika, imhando yakachengetedzwa. Zvisinei, mune dzimwe inoramba ichivhimwa.

Sechido chekuda kuziva, isu tinokuudza kuti imhando zvirinyore kupingudza kupfuura yewolf yeEurope. Neichi chikonzero, muAustralia ivo vakashandiswa sechipfuwo kunyangwe nemaaborigine. Nekudaro, kana mwaka wekukwirana wasvika (kazhinji kamwe pagore) vanowanzo tiza.

Iwo monotremes, iyo inoshamisa platypus

Inonzi saka, monotremes, ku zvipuka zvinopisa, kureva kuti vanoberekana nemazai. Parizvino, shanu chete mhando dzadzo dzakachengetedzwa uye maviri ndeemuno kuAustralia. Imwe ndeye echidna, yakafanana nehedgehog.

Asi zvakanyanya kuziva ndeye iyo simbamabwe, izvo zvawakanyatsonzwa nezvazvo nekuti ndicho chimwe chezvisikwa zvakasarudzika zvemhuka. Saka zvinoda kuziva kuti, apo maBritish masayendisiti paakaratidzwa ganda rake muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, vakafunga kuti raive jee rinoshanda.

Ruzhinji kutaura, iyo platypus inoita kunge dhadha pamhino yayo, asi muswe wayo wakaita sewebeaver uye makumbo ayo akafanana neayo e otter. Senge dai zvese izvi zvisina kukwana, hono dzerudzi rwacho dzine mhando yekumhanyisa pamakumbo avo eshure anoburitsa huturu Iyo haina kuuraya kuvanhu, asi inokonzeresa kurwadziwa kwakanyanya. Uye, pamusoro pezvo, vane magetsi ane simba anovabatsira kuti vawane chavanotora. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanovaona nemagetsi anoburitswa nemhasuru yavo.

Mhuka iyi inoda kuziva zvekuti, kubvira payakawanikwa, chave chinhu chakadzidzwa na shanduko biology. Mune imwe pfungwa, chiratidzo cheAustralia. Icho chiratidzo cheNew South Wales uye chinoonekwa pane makumi maviri ezana remari.

Iyo dugong

Isu takatokuudza nezve dugong, saka izvozvi tichazokuudza kuti chii iyo chete herbivore mamalia mammamu pasi uye kuti hama yepedyo yekugara ndiyo nzou, iyo inoda kuziva, sezvo iyo yekutanga yakashandura zvakakwana kumvura. Asi, mumakungwa eAustralia kune mamwe marudzi anoshamisa.

Makarwe

Iyo inova chikamu chenharaunda muAustralia ndeyemhando crocodrylus porosus, chikuru munyika. Iyi chaiyo colossus inogona kusvika manomwe metres pakureba uye chiuru nemazana mashanu emakirogiramu muhuremu. Nechikonzero ichi, inyanzvi chikara icho, gore rega rega, chinouraya vanhu vanoverengeka. Boka remhuka idzi dzinozivikanwa nekuuraiwa kwechiuru chemasoja eJapan anogara muRamree Island muBurma muna 1945.

Emu

Kumwe kuda kuziva kweOceania iyi shiri hombe isingamhanyi. Muchokwadi, ndiyo yechipiri pakukura pasirese mhou. Kana iwe uchida mamwe anecdotal dhata nezve iyi mhando, isu tinokuudza izvozvo mazai avo akasvibira, kusiyana neaya anoisa zvimwe zvisikwa zvehuku yehuku.

Nyoka

Pakupedzisira, isu tichakuudza nezve nyoka dzenzvimbo yeAustralia. Nyika ino ine nhamba hombe kwazvo yeavo vari muchetura munyika. Izvo zvine njodzi ndezvekuti manera nyoka y Tiger zvine chekuita nezvepanyika uye neavo vemhuri Hydrophiinae sekusvika kumakungwa.

Mukupedzisa, nharaunda mukati Ositireriya ndeimwe yemhando dzakasiyana kwazvo pasirese. Neichi chikonzero, ine mhando sedzinoda kuziva seidzo dzatave kukuudza nezvadzo. Uye zvakare nemhando dzakasiyana dzemadzvinyu uye hove dzinotyisa senge nzombe shark. Naizvozvo, kana iwe ukaenda kune iyo Oceanic nyika, iwe uchaona yakasarudzika mhuka papasi.