Dominican bachata rudzi rwemimhanzi rine mavambo aro mumatope uye mumaruwa eDominican Republic. Zviridzwa zvacho zvikuru zvaive zvekutanga magitare echiSpanish uye zviridzwa zvine Africa
Mapati emhuri kana husiku hwebohemian akabvumidza maartist anozivikanwa kuti apinze mumusoro wakagadzirwa nhunzi. Bachata munguva idzodzo yaizivikanwa seguaracha kana Dominican guaracha uye gare gare yaizivikanwa semumhanzi unovava.
Kufanana nemhando dzese dzemimhanzi, Bachata inokanganiswa nemamwe marudzi akadai seguaracha, bolero uye kutamba, zvakajairika kuCuba nePuerto Rico. Sezvo yainge yakafumiswa nezviridzwa zvitsva senge marimba, giraira, bongo, maracas uye timbales, bachata rakazvigadzirira rayo, zvese mukuita nekutamba.
Pachine chokwadi chekubva kweshoko rekuti bachata, zvinonzi zvinobva kuAfrica nevamwe kuti zvinobva kuCuba, chokwadi ndechekuti Kubva muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, izwi rekuti bachata rave richishandiswa muCaribbean yose inotaura chiSpanish kureva kutamba nekutandara kwevanhu varombo., kunyanya kumucheto kwenzvimbo yemaguta.
Munguva yemakumi matanhatu uye kutanga kwema60, bachata yakanga isina rutsigiro rwevezvenhau., kunyanya kubva kunhepfenyuro dzaizvitora semumhanzi wakashata uye vasina kuutepfenyura kunze kwemamwe mawairesi.
Kutanga mumakore makumi masere, bachata vakapinda munhepfenyuro nekubudirira kukuru, nekuda kwekukura kwevanhu vane mukurumbira-kukosha uye kukosha kwayo mukusimudzira kwenyika. Rwiyo rwaLuis Segura "Pena por tí" rwakawedzera mukurumbira webachata.
Vamwe vamiriri veiyi mimhanzi genre ndiAnthony Santos, Raulín Rodríguez, Teodoro Reyes naJoe Veras, zvisinei kubva kuma90's 'Juan Luis Guerra yakave chiratidzo cheiyo bachata genre nekuda kwekukosha kwayo kwepasirese.
Mumakore ekutanga ebachata, chero huwandu hwevane hunyanzvi maartist wakaita kukanganisa kwavo pamhando. Luís Segura akabhabhatidzwa sa "El Padre de la Bachata" nekuda kwemhedzisiro yemitambo yake yezve melodramatic, pamwe nehupenyu hwake hwakareba; Edilio Paredes naAugusto Santos vakatamba zvakakosha, sevaimbi uye varongi, mukuumba chimiro chemimhanzi. Cuco Valoy yakasarudzika pakuita semusimudziri, redhiyo hunhu, muparidzi, uye rekodhi rekodhi muimbi mukati memakore ekutanga ebachata. Pane nzvimbo yakawanda yekukakavadzana kuti ndeapi ma bachateros akange aine pesvedzero huru mukusimudzirwa kwemhando iyi. Zvisinei, hapana gakava zvachose, nezvekuti bachata yekutanga inofanirwa kutariswa seyakadai haina kunyorwa nemumwe wavo, asi naJosé Manuel Calderón musi wa30 Chivabvu 1962, muma studio eRadiotelevisión Dominicana. nerudo uye Kutongwa).
Maitiro emumhanzi akanyorwa neakazvarwa eSan Pedro aive padyo nere bolero pane kurongwa kwemamwe magitare ekuwedzera ebachata seanonyanya kusiyaniswa. Kusiyana nemamwe akawanda bachateros, Calderón haana kuimba nezwi risinganzwisisike, asi aine sonorous baritone inoyeuchidza vaimbi veMexico vakaita saPedro Infante. Mazhinji ehurongwa hwake aisanganisira zvikamu zvetambo, zvikamu zvehwamanda, kana piyano, kunyangwe hazvo yakasarudzika Dominican hunyanzvi mumimhanzi yaCalderón kwaive kushandiswa kweiyo güira pane iyo maracas kutara nguva. Kusiyana nemamwe mabachatero, Calderón akarekodha güira kubva pazuva rekutanga. Mimhanzi yake yakagamuchirwawo neveruzhinji uye nevamwe vake maartist sebolero, pasina chinyadzo chekuti bachata inogona kusvika kudhorobha. Akanyora "Por seguirirte" muna 1966 achiperekedzwa neorchestra yaJohnny Ventura, uye Felipe Rodríguez mukuru webhora rePuerto Rican akabatsira kusimudzira "Llanto a la luna", pamwe rwiyo rwaifarirwa naCalderón. Calderón akaramba achikudziridza hushamwari husingaperi naRodríguez, ane chimiro chakada kufanana naye. Mugore mushure mekuvhuvhuta kwake kwekutanga kurekodha, akaburitsa ma singles mana, rimwe nerimwe rikaenderera kuva rekare kwete chete mumhando asi zvakare mutsika dzeDominican zvakajairika - Quema Idzo Tsamba, Misodzi Yeropa, Nyoka Yevanhu uye Kuchemera iyo Mwedzi Zvinoenderana naCalderón, akaenderera mberi nekunyora makumi mana nemaviri akateedzana asina kuroorwa aive, nematanho ehupfumi husina kurongwa, ese ari mahombe mahombe.
Calderón akanakidzwa neropafadzo dzaakashanda pamberi pekusarudzika kwemhando iyi, iyo yaisazowanikwa kune anotevera bachateros, achirekodha nemakambani epasirese epasi rese akadai seKubaney. Muna 1967, akaenda kuNew York kunonyora nekambani yekurekodha yeBMC, ndokufunga kugara ikoko nemutungamiriri wake wegitare Andrés Rodríguez. Kwemakore mashanu akatevera Calderón yaive mucherechedzo mune yemumhanzi chiitiko chaitenderera zvakanyanya kune vanozivikanwa Puerto Rican bolero vatambi vakaita saFelipe Rodríguez, Blanca Iris Villafañe, Tommy Figueron naOdilio Gonzáles. Mukambani iyi airidza munzvimbo dzakadai seRiopiedras Theatre, iyo Jefferson Theatre uye inozivikanwa nePuerto Rico Theatre.
Muna 1972, Calderón akadzokera kuDominican Republic kunowana shanduko yakakura muhupfumi hwebachata. Mimhanzi panguva iyoyo yakange yave yakasarudzika, yakabatana nehure uye hurombo, uye chiteshi cheredhiyo chimwe chete munyika, Radio Guarachita, ndiyo yaitepfenyura mumhanzi. Kuderedzwa kwebachata kune "hupenyu hwakaipa" mimhanzi zvakare kwakakanganisa maonero eruzhinji aCalderón, aive akanyorwa nemamwe mabachatero ane masitayera aive akashata zvakanyanya kupfuura ake. Nekudaro, mumhanzi waakagadzira wakatanga kuchinja sezvo rudzi rwacho rwakachinja, uye nziyo dzaakanyora munguva ino dzinotaura nyaya yehupenyu mubhuremu uye munharaunda munzvimbo imwecheteyo nenziyo yemamwe bachatero (ndakamubvisa kubhawa, Kunwira kubhawa). Idzi nziyo dzaive dzakabudirira mune zvekutengeserana, asi hadzina kuve dzekare dzeDominican yakakurumbira tsika nenzira iyo yavo yapfuura hit yaive nayo. Mamiriro acho aive akaoma zvakakwana kukurudzira Calderón kuti adzokere kuNew York, kwaakaona nharaunda yeDominican ichikura muCumbres de Washington, uye ndokumutsa chiitiko chitsva che bachata imomo zvakare. Munzvimbo maakange ambotambira vateereri vePuerto Rican padivi paOdilio Gonzáles, iye zvino akaridzira vateereri veDominican kuEl Internacional, yakazove El Restaurante 27 de Febrero.
Kuuya kwegitare remagetsi mu bachata kwakaratidzika kunge kwakafukidza maitiro eCalderón nemamwe mapiyona. Nekudaro, nekutambirwa kwemhando iyi mumakore achangopfuura, akatanga kugashira zvidimbu zvidiki zveyakavimbiswa kuzivikanwa kwake kwekare repertoire, uye nenzvimbo yake munhoroondo semunhu wekutanga kunyora zvatinoziva iye zvino sebachata. Anenge chero chiitiko chinoda kupemberera kweakareba uye akaoma nhoroondo yemumhanzi anofanira kumuisa iye muvatambi vevatambi, uye mumakore achangopfuura akatamba pamatanho eNational Theatre, Gran Teatro del Cibao naLehman uye kumayunivhesiti eHostos. Calderón anoenderera mberi nekurekodha nekuparadzira zvinyorwa zvake, uye parizvino ari gehena-akatsunga kuvaka yake webhusaiti