ari mavambo eVenezuela Ivo vanodzokera kunguva iyo ndima yavo inogona kugarwa nevanhu vekuAmerindian kutama, zviuru zvemakore apfuura. Nekudaro, izvo zvinozivikanwa nezvenhoroondo kubva muzvinyorwa zvakawanikwa, zvinotanga nekuuya kwevaSpanish vekutanga pakupera kwezana ramakore regumi nesere. Hazvina kusvika muna 1777 apo Venezuela inoumbwa senyika kubva kuCaptaincy General weVenezuela, iyo panguva iyoyo yaive koloni yeSpain yakavambwa muna 1527.
Vagari vekutanga veVenezuela
Munhu wekutanga kuoneka mune izvo zvava kunzi Venezuela aive makore angangoita makumi matatu emakore apfuura uye yakabva kuAmazon, maCaribbean neAndes. Vagari vekutanga muVenezuela vaienderana nemapoka evanhu akasvika munzvimbo idzi panguva yeLate Pleistocene, ingangoitika kubva kuchamhembe. Kubva panguva ino ivo vanotanga kutora kumahombekombe ekuchamhembe kweVenezuela.
Dzimwe dzenzvimbo dzakawanikwa maronda evagari anosanganisira Muaco, Taima-Taima uye El Jobo. Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti kuvepo kwevagari vekutanga veVenezuela kwakadzokera kumashure kunenge gore re13000 BC Panguva iyoyo, vanhu vaigara mune izvo zvava Falcón, vakagovana nzvimbo yavo nemarudzi akasiyana siyana emhuka, kusanganisira glyptodonts, megaterios uye toxodonts.
Masangano emarudzi
El Nguva yemunharaunda yeVenezuela inotanga kubva pagore 1000 BCNekudaro, kukura kwayo kwakasiyana zvichienderana nematunhu. Chokwadi ndechekuti pane budiriro yekurima pakati pemapoka akasiyana. Vanenge hafu yemiriyoni vanhu mune ino parizvino ndima yeVenezuela, vangadai vakauya vachibva kuchamhembe, pamwe kubva kudunhu reCalabozo, kuburikidza kumadokero, Andes uye zvakare kuchamhembe kweCaribbean.
Panguva iyoyo vanhu vedzinza reVenezuela vaive chibchas munzvimbo yeAndes, iyo caribs munzvimbo yemahombekombe ese, kuwedzera kune iyo Arawak, iyo mune iyi kesi yaive munzvimbo yemahombekombe. Muchikamu chekumaodzanyemba kweVenezuela kwaive wayu kana the varimi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti nharaunda yemazuva ano Venezuela yaive yakasiyana kwazvo panguva yepamberi peColumbian nguva. Mapoka emarudzi akasiyana siyana muVenezuela anotendwa kunge ari emamwe mapoka gumi nematanhatu emitauro, kusanganisira:
- Arawak mhuri
- Mhuri yeCaribbean
- Mhuri
- chibcha
- Mhuri yeGuajibana
- Type mhuri
- Mhuri yaYanomama
Nguva yekoloni muVenezuela
La kukoloniya kweVenezuela kwakaitwa neSpain kubva pakati pezana ramakore regumi nematanhatu kusvika pakutanga kweHondo dzeRusununguko. Izvo chaizvo panguva iyi yekoloni pakaiswa nheyo dzeiyo yaizove nyika yeVenezuela. Ndokunge, mubatanidzwa wemaSpanish, eAfrica uye etsika tsika, kuve nekushandisa kweSpanish semutauro mukuru.
Yakanga iri zvakare panguva ino iyo ChiKristu chakagamuchirwa, pamwe nekuganhurwa kwenzvimbo iyi, pamusoro pesangano renharaunda iro raizopedzisira raumba Captaincy General. Pakutanga kwezana regumi nemanomwe century, maSpanish vaive nekutonga kuzere kwenzvimbo yemahombekombe, maAndes, kuwedzera kune mamwe makamuri. MaLlanos nenzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba yakaramba iri matunhu anotongwa nezvizvarwa zvemo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kunetsana pakati pevaSpanish nevagari vemunharaunda kwaiwanzoitika, izvo zvakatogara kusvikira muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX.
Thanks to the kukoloni yeSpain muVenezuela, akawanda uye akakosha maguta akadai seValencia, Coro, Barcelona, Puerto Cabello, Santiago de León de Caracas neMaracaibo. Panguva iyoyo, guta reCaracas ndiro raive dzimbahwe raCaptaincy General, iro raive nebasa rekudzora dunhu, zvaienderana neViceroyalty yeSanta Fe de Bogotá.
Zvinonakidza zvakare kutaura izvozvo panguva yekoloni inoitika munyika ino, pamwe nemumakoloni ese eSpain, a yakakamurwa kupatsanurwa pakati penzvimbo kana nzvimbo. Panguva iyoyo muyero wemujaho waive nehuremu hwakakosha kwazvo. Pamusoro pezvo, masimba ezvematongerwo enyika aive mumawoko emhuri dzevachena, vaive vazukuru vevaSpanish nevaCreoles, vakazvarwa munzvimbo iyoyo. Uye kuti ivo vaizivikanwa zvakare seMantuanos.
Kusvika kumagumo ezana ramakore rechiXNUMX, nzanga yekoloni inosangana nemamiriro ezvinhu enjodzi uye semhedzisiro kufamba kwekutanga kurusununguko kunoonekwa, izvo zvaive chiratidzo chekusununguka kwekoloni kwakazoitika pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX.
Chekupedzisira, kungoti kungoita nguva iyo yezvematongerwo enyika ichifungidzirwa yaizowedzera hutongi hweVenezuela kusvika gore ra1821, nepo mumatunhu akadai seMaracaibo neCoro, pamusoro peguta rePuerto Cabello, iyo nguva yekoloni ingadai yakagara kusvika muna 1823.