Iyo Siberian Taiga

Taiga kana sango rakaorera ndiro izwi rinoshandiswa kuratidza imwe ecosystem, iyo yemasango makuru eeconiferous masango anotambanuka kuburikidza kumatunhu ekuchamhembe epasi, pamuganhu wemiganhu yeArctic.

Izwi reti taiga chiRussia, kunyangwe rinobva ku mutauro weyakuta, inotaurwa nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana eSiberia eTurkic. Zvarinoreva "dunhu risingagarwi" kana "dunhu renzvimbo." Kunyangwe iwo pfungwa dzingaite senge dzakasiyana musiyano, kubva pakuona kwenzanga yekufudza inofamba-famba ivo vakafanana zvakafanana.

Nzvimbo dzenzvimbo dzetaiga dzakareba makondinendi matatu: North America, Zvikurukuru mu Kanadha, the North Europe y Siberia, muRussia. Apa ndipo panowanikwa hukuru hwemasango makuru uye emusango hukuru hukuru. Kazhinji, kana mumwe achitaura nezve iyo taiga, pasina kupokana mumwe anotaura nezve iyo Siberia taiga, iyo chaiyoiyo taiga.

Iri sango risingaperi rinotambanuka kwezviuru zvemakiromita pasina kumbomira (anenge makiromita zviuru zvinomwe kubva kumabvazuva kusvika kumadokero), kuburikidza nemakomo, mapani nematope. Mamwe emasango akamira musango reSiberia ndeemamwe ekare kwazvo pasi rino.

West Siberian Taiga

La Western siberian taiga Isango hombe rinotambanudza risingapindike pakati pe Ural makomo and the Yenisei Rwizi. Iyo sango hombe, ingangoita mhandara inovhara nzvimbo ingangoita 1.670.000 mativi emakiromita.

Iyi nharaunda yese inogara vanhu, kunyangwe mumiganhu yekumaodzanyemba kwesango kune maguta makuru uye akakosha senge Yekaterinburg, uko kunogara vanhu vanenge 300.000 100. Kuenda kuchamhembe, mushure mechikamu cheanenge makiromita zana, iyo taiga inopa nzira kune achinaya mvura.

Nekuda kwenharaunda, iyo Climate yeSiberia taiga inonyanya kutonhora. Inozivikanwa seyemamiriro ekunze anotonhorera, anozivikanwa neyakafupi, yakaoma nguva yechando uye yakareba, inotonhora yakaoma. Avhareji tembiricha yezhizha haiwanzo kupfuura 18-19º C, asi munguva yechando inodonha kusvika -30º C. Mvura iri pakati nepakati ndeye 450-500 mm pagore.

Pakati penzvimbo dzakakosheswa dzakachengetedzwa mudunhu, isu tinofanirwa kutaura nezve Denezhkin Kamen, Ilmen, Sosva, Pripyshminskiye Bory neYugansky zvisikwa. Aya matura anozivikanwa muRussia nezwi iri vapovednik, zvinoreva kuti "nguva dzose nzvimbo yemusango."

Chaizvoizvo zvinomera zveSiberia taiga

Miti mikuru yemiti yeSiberia taiga ndiyo conifers, Yakareba uye yakasvibira. Mumatunhu ekuchamhembe ivo vakajairika marota, firs, spruces uye nhema pini. Ku maodzanyemba, kune rimwe divi, maConifers anosanganiswa nemamwe marudzi emiti yakasarudzika senge maples, birches, madota miti, miwillow y Miti yemiouki.

Korona dzemiti, dzakakwirira uye dzakakora, hadzibvumidze kufamba kwechiedza chezuva, saka zvinokura pamusoro pezvose zviri pasi pevhu lichen uye mossesInofungidzirwa kuti ingangoita 40% yevhu iri mu taiga yakazara nemafashama. Munzvimbo idzi dzakanyorova zvakanyanya peat bogs yakawanda. Ku maodzanyemba akadziva kumadokero kwenharaunda ndiyo Vasyugan Swamp, imwe yemahombekombe akakurisa pasirese, ane peat inosvika pakadzika kweanopfuura 2 mita Munzvimbo dzekumucheto dzekuchamhembe, isina miti, ivhu rakagwamba nechando permafrost.

Mune taiga yeSiberia, kunyanya munzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba, kune zvakare shrub dzinowanzo sanganiswa musango. Pakati pezvakakurumbira bheri miti ndeye gooseberries, the cranberries, all arctic raspberries kana the buckthorn. Muchirimo, kana chando chabviswa, vanoonekwa michena machena maruva.

Taiga fauna

Masango makuru etaiga inzvimbo yemarudzi mazhinji uye akasiyana mhuka. Pakati pezvipfuwo tinowana zvakawanda zvipenyu zvezvirimwa zvakadai se Reno, the nondo kana the elk. Kune zvakare akawanda makonzo, kubva ku chena tsurola Marta and the mink kusvika kumarudzi akasiyana siyana e tsindi, tsuro nembeva.

Iwo makuru macanivores ndiwo lobo, the Zorro, the lynx and the weasel. Iyo brown bere, imwe yeanomiririra mhuka dzemhuka dzeSiberia taiga.

Pakati peshiri isu tinofanirwa kuratidza dzimwe raptors senge iyo hawk, the Gondo and the arctic owl. Munzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba dzinogarawo mu nhema grouse nemhando dzakawanda dzeshiri dzesango dzakadai se shiri duku kana the huni. Nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze anotonhora ematunhu aya, zvinokambaira hazvina kujairika, kunyangwe mamwe marudzi e madzvinyu nenyoka.

Huwandu hukuru hwemhuka hunopona munguva yakareba, inotonhora uye yechando yechando yeSiberia taiga nekutora nyika ye anabiosis (mune kesi yevasingaitevere) kana hibernación (sezvinoita zvimwe zvipuka zvakaita sebere rakasvibira kana tsindi). Shiri idzi "dzinotiza" kubva kumatambudziko emamiriro ekunze nekufamba dzichienda kumaodzanyemba.