Ookhokho beInca babengabazingeli abavela eAsia bewela iBering Strait. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20.000 XNUMX eyadlulayo iBering Strait edibanisa iSiberia neAlaska, yathatha amawaka aliqela eminyaka ukuzalisa nokwenza impucuko eMelika.
Ngokophando, kuyaziwa ukuba phakathi kwe-13.000 kunye ne-10.000 BC bafika kunxweme lwePasifiki eMzantsi Melika nakwiintaba zeAndes apho bahlala khona bafumana indlela entsha yobomi. Bafunde ukukhulisa izityalo ezinjengombona kunye neetapile ukongeza ekukhuliseni ii-llamas kunye neealpacas. Oku kwenzeka phakathi kwe-3000 kunye ne-2500 BC.
Kwaye malunga ne-8000 BC, iinkcubeko zangaphambi kwe-Inca zaqala ukuchuma kwii-Andes nakunxweme; ICaral kunye neKotosh yenye yeenkcubeko zokuqala ezaziwayo kweli candelo. Balandelwa nguChavín, Paracas, Nazca, Moche, Tiahuanaco, Wari kunye noChimú. Phakathi kowe-1150 nowe-1250BC ii-Inca, ngelo xesha isizwe esincinci, zazikhangela umhlaba wokulima ofunyenwe kwiintlambo ezichumileyo zaseCusco.
Babelawula kwaye bephucula kwimpumelelo yookhokho babo ngokudala eyona mpucuko inkulu yangaphambi kweColombia eMelika, impucuko yeInca. I-Incas imvelaphi yabo ichazwa ngamabali, awona awaziwayo lilivo likaManco Cápac kunye noMama Ocllo abaphuma kwiLake Titicaca kunye nelivo labantakwabo baseAyar.
Ukusukela malunga ne-1200 ukuya kwi-1438 ii-Incas yayisisizwe esincinci esasikhula kancinci kancinci saba bubukhosi. Kodwa yintoni ebangele ukuwa kwempucuko ehambele phambili ngolu hlobo?
Ukuhlasela kweSpanish kwazisa imfazwe kunye nezifo ngaxeshanye yenkcubeko eyatshabalalisa eyasekhaya, inyanzelisa inkqubo yayo yenkolelo kunye norhulumente. Kwanangaphambi kokufika kwamaSpanish kwindawo yeInca, esi sifo sasinwenwele ukusuka kuMbindi Merika ukuya eMzantsi Merika. Kukholelwa ukuba kwiminyaka elishumi phakathi kwama-50% ukuya kuma-90% yabemi yahlaselwa zizifo ezifana nengqakaqha, umkhuhlane, ityphus, ukubola komqala, irhashalala kunye nemasisi apho i-Inca yayingenako ukuzikhusela.
Njengoko abaseSpain benza indlela yabo yokuya kummandla osemantla weInca badibana nabantu abanciphileyo nababuthathaka. UFrancisco Pizarro wafika kwisixeko saseCajamarca ngo-1532 kunye namadoda ayi-110 axhobileyo kunye nabamahashe. Apho, bathimba amabanjwa emva koko babulala i-Inca Atahualpa ngo-Agasti 29, 1533.