Rusia ineziningi izikhumbuzo zomlando ezibalulekile, ihlobene nokwedlule kwayo kombuso nezicukuthwane kanye nokwedlule kweSoviet. Ziyizindawo eziheha izivakashi ngokwazo, ngasinye sixhunyaniswe nengxenye yomlando omude waleli lizwe owazi ukuthi ungaba kanjani umlandeli ophambili womlando wekhulu lama-XNUMX.
I-Russia yamakhosi yavumela i-Union of Soviet Socialist Republics yona yaya kwiRussia Federation eyayisafufusa. Uma uthanda umlando nobuciko, khona-ke namhlanje siphakamisa uhambo oluya kulezi zindawo nezakhiwo ezikhethekile ezikhona eRussia.
Izikhumbuzo zomlando ezinhle kakhulu zaseRussia
I-Russia yizwe elikhulu impela ngakho-ke uma kuziwa ekucabangeni ngezakhiwo, izakhiwo noma izikhumbuzo kunzima ukwenza uhlu, kepha ucabanga ngokuhamba phambili, okubaluleke kakhulu nokugqame kakhulu, ngandlela thile, uhlu lufinyeziwe nokuma okuhle kakhulu.
Ngihlale ngishaywa yi ubuciko beSoviet nokwakhiwa. Impilo yami yonke, kusukela ebuntwaneni bami ngineminyaka yama-80s lapho abaseSoviet babekhathazeke kakhulu ngokukhombisa umhlaba amandla abo nempumelelo yabo ezandleni ezinkulu, ezinkulu, kodwa hhayi izinto zikanokusho njengalezo ezakhonjiswa ngongxiwankulu.
Isikhumbuzo sokuqala esingumlando engikugcizelela ukuthi Isifanekiso se-Motherland. Iphakama phakathi IVolgograd futhi kunjalo mude kuneSitembu Sokukhululekad kusuka eNew York. Akayedwa, empeleni uyingxenye yeqembu lezithombe ezibizwa ngeMamayev Kurgan, okuyilona ihlonipha labo abavikela idolobha laseStalingrad emabuthweni aseJalimane phakathi nempi Yezwe II. EMpumalanga ukuhlanganiswa kwesithombe Inamahektha ayi-10 osebeni loMfula iVolga, eMamaev Hill.
Ngaphandle kweMadlandla kukhona uMlilo Ongunaphakade neLangabi Lenkazimulo. Isifanekiso esisibizayo namhlanje ukumelwa kwe-Motherland noma i-Victory. Ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngo-1959 futhi kwaphela ngo-1967, kubuyiselwa izikhathi ezimbalwa kuze kube yilolu suku.
Yiziphi izilinganiso zayo ezihlaba umxhwele? Ngabe Ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-85 futhi yakhiwe ngamathani ayinsimbi angu-2.400 5.500 no-33 14 kakhonkolo. Inkemba ephakamisa lesi sithombe inamamitha angama-70 ubude futhi inesisindo esingamathani ayi-XNUMX. Ekuqaleni yayenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali ne-titanium kodwa yayisengozini evela emoyeni ngakho ngama-XNUMXs yathathelwa indawo.
Ngenkathi ukhonkolo walesi sithombe ungekho kakhulu, ungekho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-30, lesi sithombe uqobo sisekelwa ngamathambo ezintambo zangaphakathi nezintambo. Isethi iqediwe nge- imnyuziyamu ekhombisa izikhali ezahlukahlukene zaseSoviet ezivela eWWII kanye ne-akhawunti yokuvimbezela yamaNazi yeStanlingrado. Namuhla kuyisayithi elidume kakhulu elithola izinkulungwane zokuvakashelwa unyaka nonyaka.
Ukuqhubeka nemifanekiso ebabazekayo sinayo leyo Isisebenzi kanye noKolkhoz Woman. KuseMoscow, e-Exhibition Center yedolobha, futhi kusuka ngasekupheleni kwawo-30. Cishe iphakeme ngamamitha angama-25 futhi yenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali. Umbhali wayo ngowesifazane ogama lakhe linguVera Mújina futhi ulandela isitayela sika ubuqiniso bezenhlalo. Kukhona umsebenzi ophethe isando esikhulisiwe nowesifazane, owesifazane we-kolkhoz noma umlimi wepulazi elihlanganyelweyo, onesikela. Isando nesikela, lutho ngaphandle kobusoshiyali bezenhlalo.
Lesi sithombe senziwe ngokukhethekile nge-1937 Paris International Exposition futhi kamuva sahlobisa umnyango wesikhungo semibukiso eMoscow isikhathi eside. Yabuyiselwa ngo-2003 yaphinde yafakwa embukisweni ngo-2009. Namuhla yinde kunangama-30.
Futhi eMoscow yi Isikhumbuzo sikaKarl Marx. Kusezivandeni ezincane ezingxenyeni eseningizimu yeTeatralnaya Ploschad futhi kwatholakala ngonyaka we-1961. "Abasebenzi bomhlaba hlanganani". Ngemuva kunomthombo. Kepha, kunjalo, uma sikhuluma ngodlunkulu waseRussia asikwazi ukungakunaki EMoscow Kremlin.
IMoscow Kremlin mhlawumbe ingesinye sezikhumbuzo ezivakashelwa kakhulu edolobheni. Kuyinto iqoqo lezakhiwo zomphakathi nezenkolo maphakathi nedolobha futhi isiyonke kunamabhishobhi amakhulu amane nezigodlo ezine, kuhlanganiswe nodonga. Yindawo yokwazi, ukuvakashela kanye nokubabaza. Phakathi kwamabhilidi nezigodlo kunamatshe esikhumbuzo ambalwa okumele awathwebule: the Isikhumbuzo somkhankaso weTsar kanye neTsar Cannon.
I-Tsar Cannon inesisindo cishe samathani angama-40 futhi ulinganisa amamitha angu-5.34. It has a caliber of 890 millimeters, mhlawumbe osezingeni elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni. Kubonakala sengathi ayikaze isetshenziswe, kepha isukela esikhathini sikaTsar Fyodor U, indodana ka-Ivan IV. Inemidwebo emihle futhi ingaphakathi kwezindonga zaseKremlin, eduze kwensimbi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, Tsar Kolokol.
Kukhulu, i- insimbi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ethunywe ngu-Empress Anne waseRussia, umshana kaPeter Omkhulu. Insimbi yenkosi unesisindo esingamathani angama-202 futhi ingaphezudlwana kwamamitha ayisithupha ukuphakama. Yenziwe ngethusi nezinsuku ezisukela engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-XNUMX.
Ukuqhubeka neMoscow, ohlwini lwethu lwezikhumbuzo zomlando waseRussia yiyona UMausoleum kaLenin. Ukwakhiwa kwenziwa ngo-1924, ngemuva kokushona kukaLenin, nalapho ngaphakathi umzimba wakhe uvele obala ukugqumisa. KuseRed Square kanti umklami wezakhiwo kwakungu-Aleksei Schúsev. Yisakhiwo esincane, esakhiwe ngegwadle, futhi esake saba nomzimba kaStalin. Bekulokhu kuvuliwe, ngaphandle kwezikhathi zempi, futhi namuhla kungoLwesibili, uLwesithathu, uLwesine nangoMgqibelo. Okuwukuphela kwamakhamera ngamehlo esivakashi njengoba ukuthatha izithombe akuvunyelwe.
Futhi eRed Square kukhona i- Isikhumbuzo seMinin nasePozarski, isithombe sethusi phambi kweCathedral yaseSaint Basil. Khumbula ukuthi iNkosana uDmitry Pozharsky nomthengisi uMinin bahlanganisa kanjani ibutho lamavolontiya ukuxosha amabutho ahlangene ePoland naseLithuania ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX. Kwakuyisithombe sokuqala esikhulu ezweni.
Esinye isikhumbuzo eMoscow sisePushkin Square, indawo lapho kwaqala khona ukuvulwa kwegatsha laseMcDonal'ds eRussia. I- Isikhumbuzo sePushkin Kusuka ngo-1880 futhi uFyodor Dostoyevsky ngokwakhe wasiza ekuqongeleleni imali yokwakhiwa kwayo. Yenziwe ngethusi futhi isisekelo senziwe ngegranite ebomvu. UPushkin wayengumbhali wemidlalo yaseRussia, ethathwa njenge- umsunguli wemibhalo yanamuhla yaseRussia.
Uma sishiya iMoscow ngemuva bese sihambela okuhle ISt. Petersburg sizothola i- I-Bronze Knight, isithombe esijwayelekile samahhashi esikhumbula isithandwa saleli dolobha, i-tsar Peter omkhulu. Kuyisifanekiso sethusi futhi namuhla kuwuphawu lomuzi. Lesi sithombe simi etsheni, itshe lokuduma kwezulu, okuthiwa yitshe elikhulu kunawo wonke aseke asuswa umuntu. Kuyinto enkulu futhi bayiletha bevela eGulf of Finland.
Isifanekiso yayalwe nguCatalina la Grande, isiJalimane ngokuzalwa kepha ngubani owayefuna ukuzenza ngokusemthethweni njengombusi waseRussia. Ukwakhiwa kwalo kwaqala ngo-1775 futhi kwathatha iminyaka eyishumi nambili. Le nganekwane ithi inqobo nje uma uK Knight of Bornce engasuki endaweni yakhe, asikho isitha esizothatha lo muzi.
Kuze kube manje ezinye izikhumbuzo zomlando ezivelele kunazo zonke eRussiaEminye imvelaphi yombuso, eminye imvelaphi yaseSoviet. Imibukiso ethembekile yomlando wezwe.