Shekaru da dama da masana ilimin adabin gargajiya da masoyan yanayi daga ko'ina cikin duniya sun yi tafiya zuwa Kudancin Amurka don lura da wadatar da launi na yawancin tsuntsaye a cikin dajin Amazon.
Wannan ba horo ne na kyauta ba: tun a farkon 1970, Switzerland-Amurka ornithologist Rodolphe Meyer na Schauensee ya bayyana a cikin aikinsa "Jagora ga tsuntsayen Kudancin Amurka" (Jagora ga tsuntsayen Kudancin Amurka) cewa babu wani yanki a duniya mai yawan nau'in tsuntsaye kamar na Amazon.
Kuma koda hakane, yin cikakken kasida na dukkan tsuntsayen da suke zaune a wannan ɓangaren duniya aiki ne mai wahala. An kiyasta cewa a cikin dukan yankin (wanda ya haɗa da yawancin Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru da sauran jihohi), jimlar adadin zai kai kusan nau'in 1.300. Daga cikin waɗannan, kusan rabin zai zama rashin lafiya.
Domin cimma wannan matsayar, an dauki alkaluman kididdiga kan adadin tsuntsayen dajin Amazon da kungiyoyi daban-daban suke gudanarwa. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan ana samun su ne kawai a cikin wasu yankuna na yankuna, yayin da wasu kuma kusan ko distributedasa keɓaɓɓu ake rarraba su ko'ina cikin Amazon.
Ga samfurin tsuntsayen da suka fi wakilta a gandun dajin Amazon:
Masu fyaɗe
Yankin Amazon gida ne ga nau'ikan fyade daban daban a duniya. Mafi sani shi ne Gaggafa mikiya (harpy jaja), wanda a yanzu haka ke fuskantar barazanar bacewa. Koyaya, ana iya samun sa a cikin Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Venezuela, Peru, Suriname, Guyana Faransa, kudu maso gabashin Brazil, da arewacin Argentina.
Gaggafa mikiya
Tare da kusan mita biyu na fuka-fuki, yana ɗayan manyan gaggafa a duniya. Ruwan toka, fari da baƙi shine, tare da keɓaɓɓiyar ɗabi'arta, babban fasalin ta.
Sauran tsuntsayen dabbobin wannan yanki sune shaho mai rawa (micrastur mintori) kalaman mujiya (Pulsatix azabtarwa).
Hummingbirds da ƙananan tsuntsaye
Babu shakka rukunin tsuntsaye mafi girma a cikin dazuzzuka na Amazon babu shakka ƙananan tsuntsaye, suna raira waƙa ko a'a. Daga cikinsu akwai wasu nau'ikan wakilci irinsu hummingbird mai topaz (Topaza ta), tare da doguwar wutsiyarsa da kuma saurin ta da sauri. Wannan kyakkyawar tsuntsun tana da launuka masu haske kuma tana amfani da bakinsa mai kyau don tsotse fure daga furanni. An rarraba shi ko'ina cikin yankin.
Topaz hummingbird
Akwai wasu kananan tsuntsaye da yawa a cikin Amazon, babban kundin tarihi. Don nuna ɗayan sanannun sanannun, zamu ambaci jan goro (Dendrocolaptes picummus), wanda shine nau'in katako. Musamman ambaci don matsakaici-sized, amma sosai m da kuma rare tsuntsu: da toucan (Ramphastos ya buga), wanda za'a iya gane shi ta babbar bakinshi.
Gallinaceae da mallards
Akwai wasu tsuntsaye da yawa a cikin dajin Amazon wanda zai bamu mamaki. Nau'in dangin gallinaceae suna da kafafu masu kauri, gajerun baki, kuma galibi basa iya tashi sama ko kuma suna iya gajeren jirage a ƙananan tsaho.
Kamungo
A cikin wannan rukuni ya fito da kamungo (anhima cornuta), tsuntsu mai kama da turkiyya mai saurin ganewa ta karamin kara da ke fitowa sama da bakin sa.
A cikin yanki mai yawan koguna, koguna da lagoons kamar Amazon, yana da ma'ana a sami tsuntsaye da yawa na dangin agwagwa, wato agwagwa da makamantansu. Da Orinoco Goose ko agwagwa Nau'ikan jinsin halittu ne guda biyu, ba tare da manta su ba peccary, Duck daji mai launuka masu launuka iri-iri.
Aku da Macawa
Irin wannan tsuntsun babu shakka shine farkon wanda yake zuwa a zuciya yayin da muke tunanin fauna na Amazon. Akwai nau'ikan macaws da yawa, masu girma dabam-dabam da halaye na zahiri. Da hyacinth macaw (Anorhonorhynchus Hyacinthinus), wanda aka fi sani da blue macaw, mai yiwuwa shine mafi shahara. Yana da launuka masu rai, galibi shuɗi, tare da gashin tsuntsu a kan ƙugu. Abun takaici, jinsi ne mai hatsarin gaske.
Hyacinth macaw
Wani nau'in mai ban mamaki shine koren macaw (Yana da chloroptera), wanda za'a iya samu a sassa daban-daban na yankin Amazon. Wadannan dabbobi ana rarrabe su da karfin bakunansu, da hankalinsu da kuma tsawon rayuwarsu, tunda zasu iya rayuwa shekaru 60 ko sama da haka.
Tsuntsayen Scavenger
Tsuntsayen Carrion, waɗanda ke ciyar da ragowar sauran matattun dabbobi. Hakanan zaka iya samun irin wannan tsuntsayen a cikin dajin Amazon. Daga cikinsu, akwai wanda ya yi fice sama da saura: the sarki ungulu (Papa Sarcoramphus). Ba dabba ba ce ta musamman saboda launuka masu launi da girma da ke ɓata fuskarsa.
Sarki ungulu
Koyaya, dole ne a gane cewa, kamar dangin Andean ɗin CondorTana da wani iska mai karfin gaske wanda yake sanya shi kwalliya musamman. Dangane da yankin yankin Amazon da yake rayuwa, wannan tsuntsu yana karbar sunaye daban-daban, kamar su gandun daji o sarki zamuro.