Kasancewa Switzerland karamin ƙasar mai tsayi tare da yanayi mai yanayi, ba tare da yanayi mai zafi ba ko al'adar mulkin mallaka ... Me yasa cakulan Switzerland ya shahara kuma yake da daraja? A cikin wannan sakon zamu bayyana tarihinta da yadda wannan samfurin ya zama ɗayan manyan fannoni na gastronomic na ƙasar.
A halin yanzu, a Switzerland akwai kamfanoni 18 da aka keɓe don kasuwancin cakulan. Waɗannan kamfanoni suna ɗaukar kusan ma'aikata 4.400 aiki kuma sun gabatar da rasiti sama da miliyan 1.600 na Switzerland a kowace shekara (kimanin euro miliyan 1.500).
Cakulan Switzerland sanannu ne da ita quality a duk duniya, amma a cikin iyakokinta. 'Yan Switzerland suna cinye fiye da rabin cakulan da aka samar a kasarsu: Kilogiram 11,9 na kowane mutum a matsakaici bisa ga binciken da aka yi na baya-bayan nan, adadin da ke sanya su a gaban sauran kasashe masu son cakulan kamar su Jamus ko Ingila.
Amma cakulan shima alama ce ta asalin Switzerland, kusan a dai-dai matakin da agogon cuckoo, wukakan sojojin Switzerland ko sirrin banki.
Zuwan cakulan zuwa ƙasashen Switzerland
El caca (xocolatl a cikin yaren Nahuatl) ya zo Turai daga hannun Mutanen Espanya a cikin ƙarni na XNUMX. Wannan ingantaccen samfurin ya zama sananne cikin sauri a cikin tsohuwar nahiyar kuma ya ƙare da cin nasara akan manyan masu sa'a waɗanda zasu iya biya. Ba don komai ba asalinsa a samfurin alatu samuwa ne kawai ga aristocrats da iyalai masu arziki.
Zürich, gari na farko a Switzerland wanda ya ɗanɗana cakulan
Abin mamaki, zuwan cakulan a Switzerland yayi latti. A shekarar 1679 ne lokacin da magajin garin Zürich, Henri Escher asalin, Ya ɗanɗana ƙoƙon farko na cakulan mai zafi tare da farin ciki a Brussels kuma ya yanke shawarar fitarwa girke-girke zuwa Switzerland.
Bayan rabin karni, hukumomin addini na Furotesta na Zürich sun yanke hukuncin hana ta, duba da cakulan samfurin aphrodisiac da zunubi. Sauran biranen Switzerland sun bi sahu, amma ya makara. Mutane sun san kuma suna son cakulan, wanda ya shiga birane ba bisa ƙa'ida ba kuma aka cinye shi ta ɓoye.
A ƙarshe, hankali ya yi tasiri kuma biranen veungiyoyin Helvetic suka sake ba da damar ciniki da shan koko a cikin ƙarni na XNUMX. 'Yan kasuwar na Italiya ne suka jagoranci shigar da cakulan a cikin kasar, ba tare da fuskantar wasu matsaloli ba.
Shago na farko da aka sadaukar domin siyar da cakulan na Switzerland ya bude kofofinsa a ciki Berne a cikin shekara 1792.
Al'adar cakulan ta Switzerland
A cikin karni na XNUMX, Switzerland masu kek irin kek sun riga sun koyi duk asirin na ciocolatieri Italiyanci kuma sun fara kusantar yin abubuwan kirkirar kansu.
Manyan masters
Misali, a shekarar 1826 Philippe Irin ƙirƙira injin niƙa a gidan burodinsa a Neuchâtel, a daidai lokacin da hakan Charles-Amedee Kohler ƙirƙira hazelnut cakulan. A 1875 Henri Nestle y Daniel Bitrus ɓullo a cikin garin Vevey girke-girke na cakulan madara. Bayan 'yan shekaru, Rodolphe Lindt ne adam wata kirkiri mashi na musamman don samun kyakkyawar cakulan narkewa da ake kira hawan igiyar ruwa. An haifi al'adar cakulan ta Switzerland.
Switzerland ita ce kan gaba a duniya wajen samar da cakulan
A farkon karni na XNUMX, a cikin yankin Graubünden, da yan'uwa josty Sun gudanar da wani shahararren kantin irin kek wanda ya zama wurin taron masu hankali, 'yan siyasa, masu fasaha da marubuta.
Bayan 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, wani ma'auratan da suka fito daga Graubünden, da yan uwan coletta, sun dauki kasada na bude masana'antar cakulan a Copenhagen. Nasarar wannan ra'ayin ta kasance cikakke kuma ba da daɗewa ba kasuwancinsa ya faɗaɗa zuwa Sweden da Norway.
'Cin nasarar Scandinavia' na cakulan na Switzerland yana da wani sanannen suna: Karl Fazar, mai dafa irin kek wanda a ƙarshen karni na XNUMX ya zama ɗayan manyan masu kera abubuwan cakulan a Finland. A halin yanzu, sanannen alama Coletta Fazer ya mamaye kasuwar Scandinavia kuma sanannen sananne ne a Rasha, Poland da ƙasashen Baltic.
Rodolphe Lindt ya kammala fasahar narkewa.
Masana'antar cakulan ta Switzerland
A cikin 1901, masu samar da cakulan na Switzerland sun haɗu don ƙirƙirar Union libre des masana'anta suisses de chocolat. A cikin 1916 an sake haifar da wata muhimmiyar ƙungiya: the Chambre Syndicale des masana'anta suisses de chocolat, cewa karin shekaru daga baya sunansa ya kasance Chocosuisse. Ayyukanta sun haɗa da ba da garantin ingancin cakulan na Switzerland da tabbatar da manufofin farashin bai ɗaya.
Har zuwa Yaƙin Duniya na Farko, masana'antar cakulan ta Switzerland galibi ta kasance mai dogaro da fitarwa. A cikin 1918, rabin kayan cakulan na duniya an samar da su a Switzerland. Daga baya, bukatar samfurin ya karu sosai a cikin ƙasar kanta (mun riga mun ambata cewa Switzerland suna da haƙori mai daɗi).
Saboda haka Masterasar Switzerland manyan chocolatiers, wanda a tarihi ya tsaya tsayin daka don abubuwan da suka kirkira da daidaitawa, ya ba da kyaututtuka iri daban-daban kuma a yau suna kera nau'ikan nau'ikan cakulan da yawa don gamsar da masu amfani a duniya.
Yau da Swiss cakulan iri suna mamaye kasuwar duniya, suna cika rayuwarmu da farin ciki da kuma zaƙi.