Nzvimbo yekuchera matongo yeTierradentro, muCauca

Imwe yehupfumi hukuru hwe pre-Columbian budiriro mu Korombiya iri mu Tierradentro National Archaeological Park. Iyi nzvimbo yekuchera matongo yakaziviswa seNyika Heritage Nzvimbo neUNESCO muna 1995 uye iri mu Cauca Dhipatimendi, kunyanya mumatunhu eBelalcázar neInzá.

Izvo zvakasara zvakasarudzika zvakapoteredzwa neguta re Saint Andrew wePisimbala, inzvimbo ye topology yakaoma iyo makomo nemapako echisikigo akawanda. Iyo paki inoonekwa se chimwe chezvishamiso zvinomwe zveColombia.

Kuwanikwa kwepfuma yezvokuchera matongo

Kunyangwe hazvo veSpanish vatowana zvinhu nezvimwe zvisaririra zvemagariro ekare munzvimbo yeTierradentro munguva yekoloni, kuwanikwa kwechokwadi kunogona kunzi kwa1936. Ndipo panguva iyoyo apo chiremba Alfredo Navia, Gavhuna weDhipatimendi reCauca, akatuma chidzidzo chekutanga chakakomba chesainzi chenharaunda iyi.

Georg burg Akanga ari geologist uyo akatungamira kuongororwa kwenzvimbo dzakatanhamara dzenzvimbo yeTierradentro, nekuda kwerubatsiro rwakakosha rwevarimi munzvimbo iyi. Nekudaro, zvinhu zvakawanda, zviyeuchidzo nenzvimbo zvakaonekwa.

Nebasa rakazara uye rakajairika, Burg akatenderera nzizi dzenzvimbo iyi, akachera, akapisa nzira kuburikidza nesango, uye akavaka yakadzama mepu yezvinocherwa mumatongo yeharaunda.

Kuvaka pabasa raBurg, zvikwata zvakasiyana zvevanochera matongo vakaramba vachiongorora nzvimbo iyi nekuona nzvimbo zhinji dzekuchera matongo kusvika nhasi.

Nzvimbo dzekuchera matongo dzeTierradentro

Pakati penzira inobatanidza mataundi eSan Andrés de Pisimbalá neNeiva ndiyo nzira yekuwana nzvimbo huru dzekuchera matongo dzeTierradentro. Munharaunda yese yatinowana makuva epasi pevhu kana hypogeapamwe chete nematombo ematombo.

Iyo paki yezvokuchera matongo yakarongedzwa kutenderedza nzvimbo shanu huru:

• Avocado Height.
• Pamusoro peSan Andres.
• Chikomo cheSegovia.
• Elf Height.
• Danda.

Pamusoro penzvimbo idzi, zvakafanira zvakare kushanyira iyo mamiziyamu maviri yeTierradentro: yezvokuchera matongo uye ethnographic. Ose ari mutaundi reSan Andrés.

Hypogea

Kupfuura kugarwa kwevanhu, Tierradentro yaive yakanaka necropolis iyo inotora nzvimbo inopfuura zviuru zviviri zvemakiromita emakiromita. Iwo makuva ari munzvimbo dzinoverengeka, anomiririra zvakanyanya ari eSegovia. Idzi dzimba dzekuviga dzakafukunurwa mudombo makore anodarika zviuru zvitatu apfuura dzakasvika patiri nemamiriro akakwana.

Iyo hypogea inopupurira hupfumi (iyo yakabhabhatidzwa se "Tierradentro tsika"), iyo yaifunga rufu serimwe danho rekuvapo. Kutevera iyo mifananidzo yemadziro and the mariro trousseau zvakawanikwa mavari zvinofungidzirwa kuti mukati zvakaitika mhemberero dzechitendero zvine chekuita nekufamba kuenda kune hupenyu hushure.

Mazhinji emakuva akapambwa makore mazhinji maEuropean asati asvika. Hupfumi hunochengetwa nhasi mumamiziyamu chinongova chikamu chidiki chepfuma yekutanga yenzvimbo idzi.

MuTierradentro mune chaizvo makumi maviri nematanhatu hypogea yakanyoreswa, mamwe acho anosvika pakureba kusvika pamamita gumi nemaviri paupamhi.

Zvifananidzo uye zvidimbu zvekuchera matongo

Iwo mahombe anokwezvawo kutarisisa kwevafambi. zvidhori zvematombo avo vakakurira munzvimbo iyi, vanopfuura mazana mashanu. Vazhinji vavo vakavanzwa musango uye havana kuzoona chiedza zvakare kusvika pakati pezana ramakore rechi500.

Izvi zvifananidzo zvinoita sekumiririra varwi manhamba, kunyangwe mazhinji acho ari zoomorphic. Ivo vakavezwa nehukuru hwakadzama uye kuratidza. Mamwe acho anopfuura mita nomwe pakukwirira. Zvichida kuti basa ravo raive rekuita se "vachengeti" vemakuva.

Sezvineiwo, John waGertrude, wekuSpain wekutanga kuwana izvi zvifananidzo muna 1757, akazvitsanangura se "Ichokwadi basa raDhiabhori". Parizvino, zvidhori zvakasungirirwa kudzivirira kupamba.

Kunze kwemakuva nezvifananidzo, hupfumi hwapamberi peColumbian hwatisiira mienzaniso yakawanda yehunyanzvi hwayo muhunyanzvi hwekugadzira goridhe. Mamiziyamu anoratidza zvishongo zvegoridhe uye masiki izvo zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvaishandiswa mumitambo yavo. Zvinonyanya kushamisa zviri kuratidzwa mune inoyevedza Bogotá Goridhe Museum.

Shanyira Tierradentro Park

Kusvikira nguva pfupi yadarika zvaive zvisingaite shanyira Tierradentro Archaeological Park. Paive nebasa rakakura remagandanga munzvimbo ino yese (yakawanda yenzvimbo yacho yaidzorwa neFARC).

Neraki, iyi mamiriro akachinja uye nhasi Tierradentro inoshanyirwa nevashanyi nevadzidzi vezvokuchera matongo zvakare. Kushanya kwakakosha muColombia kune chero akanaka anoda nhoroondo.

Kuwanika kwepaki kunodhura 35.000 Colombian pesos (anenge masere euros). Iko kune yakasarudzika mitengo yevadzidzi, vakasiya mari uye nhengo dzevanhu vemo vemunharaunda iyi. Vana vari pasi pegumi nematanhatu vanogona kupinda mahara. Mutengo wetikiti revashanyi uye vagari vekunze ndeye 8 euros (anenge 16 euros).