Inkqubo yezemali ye Indiya Inika umahluko omkhulu xa kuthelekiswa naleyo ixhaphakileyo kumazwe aseNtshona. Imisebenzi yezemali ilawulwa kakhulu nguRhulumente kwaye ijikeleze amaziko emali karhulumente. Ngokwenyani, zonke iibhanki eIndiya, kubandakanya neebhanki zabucala, zilawulwa yi IBhanki eNkulu yaseIndiya (RBI) Ngoyena mzimba uphambili wolawulo lwemali.
Nangona kunjalo, Icandelo lebhanki laseIndiya litshintshe kakhulu kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini idlulileyo. Ukuqala ngo-1991, kwaqala uguquko olunamabhongo olwaluquka neenkqubo zokuxhasa inkululeko kwinxalenye yecandelo nokubanjiswa kwamashishini. Umzekelo, wavunyelwa ukuba akhulule inzala, enokuthi ngoku isethwe ngokukhululekileyo zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Iziphumo zolu hlengahlengiso yimbonakalo entsha yezoqoqosho kwilizwe laseAsia. Ezi ke zezi Iibhanki ezinkulu eIndiya:
Iibhanki zorhwebo zaseIndiya zakhiwe malunga namaqela aphambili:
- IiBhanki zoRhwebo ezingacwangciswanga, ezenziwe ziibhanki zorhwebo ezingabhaliswanga phantsi kweShedyuli yesiBini yeReserve Bank of India Act, umthetho osusela kwixesha lobukoloniyali, njengoko wamiselwa ngo-1934, kodwa usasebenza. Kolu luhlu ziibhanki zalapha ekhaya. Ukubaluleka kwayo kwinkqubo yangoku yebhanki kunomda.
- IiBhanki zoRhwebo ezicwangcisiweyoOko kukuthi, izinto zebhanki ezibhaliswe phantsi komthetho okhankanywe apha ngasentla. Ezi bhanki zahlulwe zangamacandelo amabini:
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- Iibhanki zikarhulumente.
- Amaziko ebhanki abucala (kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe)
Iibhanki zikarhulumente
Iibhanki eIndiya ezihlanganisiweyo kwicandelo labucala zenza iqela elinobundlobongela elinokwahlulwa libe ngamacandelo amathathu abanzi:
I-Bhanki kaRhulumente yase-India (i-SBI) yibhanki yoluntu ekhokelayo kweli lizwe
Ibhanki Yombuso yaseIndiya
Yeyona bhanki yoluntu iphambili eIndiya ine-80% yedipozithi kunye nenani elikhulu leeofisi kunye namasebe kwilizwe liphela.
Iibhanki ezishicilelweyo
Ezi bhanki zafunyanwa ngurhulumente wase-Indiya ngomhla wawo ukubahlangula ekufakweni. Zijikeleze amaziko angama-20. Inkoliso yobuzwe yenzeka ngo-1969. Ukusukela ngalaa mzuzu ukuya phambili, iibhanki zaqala ukusebenza njengamaziko emali kwezentlalo, anyanzelekile ukuba anikezele ngenxalenye yezixhobo zawo kumacandelo oRhulumente awuqwalaseleyo njengophambili.
Iibhanki zengingqi kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni
Ezi bhanki zenziwa nguRhulumente ngo-1975 ngeenjongo zokuququzelela ukufikelela kumatyala kumafama amancinci. Okwangoku kukho izinto ezingama-50 zolu hlobo ezisasazeke kwilizwe liphela.
Iibhanki zabucala
Okwangoku, amaziko abucala angama-20 abucala anemali enkulu yelizwe asebenza eIndiya. Iibhanki zabucala zaseIndiya zithotyelwe imigaqo enzima ngurhulumente ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-60, nto leyo eyaphazamisa ukukhula kwazo. Kuphela kusemva kohlaziyo luka-1991 apho babenakho ukuphinda babenakho ukukhuphisana neebhanki zikawonkewonke. Phakathi kwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zezi zilandelayo, ezidibene ne-State Bank of India (SBI) ezenza iqela elibizwa ngokuba "Ezinkulu Ezine" Iibhanki zaseIndiya: I-ICICI Bank, iBhanki yeSizwe yasePunjab, iBhanki yaseIndiya y ICanara Bank.
Isebe le-ICICI Bank
I-ICICI Bank
El I-ICICI, Ikhredithi yeShishini kunye neNkampani yotyalo mali yaseIndiya, yibhanki yesibini ngobukhulu e-India, enamasebe angaphezu kwamawaka amabini asasazeke kulo lonke ilizwe. Ikwangoyena mukhuphi mkhulu wekhadi letyala eIndiya.
Yayisungulwa kwi-1954 kwaye isekelwe kwi bombay. I-ICICI yaba yenye yeebhanki ezinkulu zaseIndiya emva kwenkqubo yayo yokudityaniswa ngempumelelo kunye Ibhanki yaseRajasthan ngonyaka 2010.
Okwangoku igxunyekwe kwiprojekthi yokwandisa amazwe ngamazwe. I-ICICI Bank ikhona kumazwe ayi-17 ngaphandle kwe-India: Bangladesh, Bahrain, Belgium, Canada, China, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, United States, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, United Kingdom, Russia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, South Africa kunye Thayilendi.
Ibhanki yeSizwe yePunjab (PNB)
Yasekwa ngo-1894 Ibhanki yeSizwe yePunjab (PNB) Yeyesithathu ngobukhulu eIndiya. Nangona iqale umsebenzi wayo kwisixeko saseLahore, ikomkhulu langoku likho kwi ENew Delhi.
Ineenkxaso-mali zebhanki kwifayile ye- I-United Kingdom, iHong Kong, iDubai kunye neKabul (Afghanistani), ukongeza kwiiofisi zabameli kwi IAlmaty (Kazakhstan), iDubai, iOslo (eNorway), neShanghai (China).
Inkokeli yenkululeko yamaIndiya, Mahatma Gandhi, uhlala esebenza ngokukhethekileyo kule bhanki kwimicimbi yakhe yabucala. Uhlobo lwesizwe lwe-GNP lukwabonakalisiwe kwinto yokuba yenye yeebhanki ezindala elizweni, ezenziwe zanemali epheleleyo yesizwe kwaye zisasebenza nangoku.
I-Canara Bank
Cnara Bank, eyona bhanki Bangalore kwaye enye yezona zidala kweli lizwe, ligama lesine eligcwalisa i-poker yeebhanki ezinkulu zaseIndiya.
Ngaphandle kokuhamba kwexesha kunye notshintsho olunzulu olufunyenwe kwicandelo kule minyaka idlulileyo, iCanara Bank ihlala ithembekile imigaqo ephembelele ukusekwa kwayo. Phakathi kwabo, zibalasele iinjongo zokuphelisa iinkolelo kunye nokungazi, ukubethelela umkhwa wokonga kunye nokutyala inxalenye yenzuzo yayo kwiiprojekthi zentlalo.