Umculo wendabuko waseRussia nezingubo ezijwayelekile zaseRussia

El imvunulo ejwayelekile yaseRussia Ihlukile ezingutsheni zamanye amazwe emhlabeni futhi yehluke kakhulu kunasemazweni angomakhelwane. Njengoba kujwayele ukwenzeka, amasiko aphathelene nokugqoka kanye nezinye izici zamasiko eRussia agcinwe ikakhulukazi kubantu abaphansi. 

Umculo wendabuko waseRussia

Bathi umphefumulo wamaSlavic ungowothando kunabo bonke, yingakho mhlawumbe umculo waseRussia ubhekene ne-nostalgia, uhlanganiswe namandla othando. Lapho sikhuluma ngomculo wendabuko waseRussia kufanele sicabange ngomculo wesintu, ofaka phakathi izinhlanga ezincane ebeziyingxenye yeRussian Federation kanye nezizwe ezazingaphambi kwayo, futhi lapha ngifaka kusuka e-USSR kuya ezikhungweni zasendulo zaseRussia noma eMbusweni waseRussia.

Ukudansa, njengokuvezwa komzimba komculo odumile, kuthatha indawo ebaluleke kakhulu emasikweni aseRussia, futhi yisikhathi lapho sinethuba lokubona nokubabaza imvunulo yabo yesiko. Ukuze ukwazi ukudansa ngokunethezeka, imvunulo edalwe kusuka kumvunulo wendabuko, ukuyikhanyisa kuze kufike phezulu, ihlala inemibala egqamile futhi ihlotshiswe ngemifekethiso eningi. Izimpahla zokugqoka zihluke kakhulu, zishintsha cishe endaweni ngayinye, ziyehluka ngokuhlanganiswa kwemibala, ekusikeni kwesarafany (imvunulo yendabuko yaseRussia, ende, engenamikhono), enesimo sesigqoko nesigqoko sekhanda noma ama-arabesque.

Izingoma zomdabu zaseRussia

ERussia njengakuwo wonke amasiko nabantu Kukhona inani elikhulu lezingoma ezithandwayo ezibonakala ngesimo sezwi le-pectoral, onkamisa balo abavulekile nomsindo uqondile, okungukuthi, akukho kunyakaza ezwini. Lezi zimpande zomculo waseRussia zibuyela emuva kubuciko bezizwe zaseMpumalanga Slavic ezazigcwele insimu yaseRussia yasendulo.

Umlingisi osekhona kuze kube namuhla ngokwesiko lomlomo nezingoma nguSadko, umthengisi, othakazelayo, nomculi we-blackmailer owayedlala i-gusli yakhe, insimbi yomculo enezintambo. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi lwaluvame kakhulu eRussia yangenkathi ephakathi.

NgeNkathi Ephakathi abathwali abakhulu besiko lobuciko kwakungu-boyany, Abasunguli, ababalisi nabahlabeleli bezinkondlo ezibabazekayo zaseRussia, zezindaba ezithandwayo ezahlangana nezici zobuciko zezakhamizi zezindawo ezahlukahlukene zezwe futhi nobuciko bazo obusabalulekile kuyo yonke imikhosi edumile, njengoba kwakunjalo nasenkantolo yamaTsarist.

Konje, insimbi engenakuhlukaniswa nomculo wendabuko waseRussia yi-balalaika, engeke ifike ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa, iyindilinga enezintambo ezintathu zensimbi ibonakala ngomzimba wayo ocishe ube yisicaba, omise okonxantathu, enokuvuleka okuncane kokuzwakalisa umsindo eduze kwensika ephezulu phezulu nentamo ende emincane.

Ingoma Engcwele eRussia

Ukucula kwezenkolo kuthuthukise indima ebaluleke kakhulu eRussia ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obenziwe ngayo, ezingeni lababhali nabahlabeleli.. Ukuqeqeshwa kobungcweti kwenziwa ngaphambi kokungena ezikoleni zezindela, abaculi bafunda i-theory yomculo futhi bathola ukuqeqeshwa ngethiyori yomculo.

Umculo ongcwele ubungokwezwi kuphela, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsimbi bekungavunyelwe emasontweni alandela amafomu ajwayelekile aseByzantium.

Izingoma zesonto zazibonakala ngomlingiswa ohamba kancane futhi obabazekayo, imiculo ethambile futhi ngokushelelayo, ukungabikho kwezikhawu ezinkulu, ukuphinyiselwa kwamagama bekuyizwi eliqondile, elingenakuphikiswa, ebelifuna ukuphefumula okwanele kubahlabeleli, okuholele ebuchwephesheni obugcwele, obuye bavumela abaculi baseRussia ukuthi babuse i-repertoire ye-opera lapho ifika ezweni ngekhulu le-XNUMX.

Umculo wendabuko waseRussia ngesikhathi soMbuso WaseRussia kanye neRevolution

Kusukela ngekhulu le-XNUMX, ikakhulukazi ne-Empresses Elizabeth I noCatherine II, inkantolo yombuso waseRussia yaheha abaculi abaningi abavela e-Italy ababethula umculo wakudala wase-Europe, okwakuzobuye kube yisikhuthazo kubaqambi abakhulu baseRussia abanjengoTchaikovsky, umbhali wama-ballet aziwayo njenge-Swan Lake noma i-Sleeping Beauty okumholele ekubeni ngumqambi owaziwa kakhulu ngaphandle kwemingcele yawo.

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX kanye nasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XNUMX, abalobi abakhulu abanjengoStravinsky, Aleksandr Skriabin, Sergéi Prokofiev noDmitri Shostakovich baqhubeka nokuvela, abazama isitayela somculo nolimi.. Abanye babo bathutha ngemuva kweRussia Revolution, kepha abanye, njengoProkofiev, bahlala ezweni, bekhuthaza umoya wenguquko wangaleso sikhathi.

Ngesikhathi sempi yombango yaseRussia, umculo wamukela izitayela namatimu agxile kubasebenzi. Abaculi abaningi babambe iqhaza ezinhlelweni zokufundisa zabasebenza, okwaholela ekutheni ukwanda kwamaqembu amateur namakhwaya. Lapho i-conservatism ihlala eSoviet Russia amakhwaya ezempi avela, ogama lakhe elaziwa kakhulu yi-kalinka, esevele liyingxenye yomcabango odumile.

Imvunulo ejwayelekile yaseRussia

Ngokulandelayo sizochaza ukuthi imvunulo ejwayelekile yaseRussia ibiyini ngokwesikhathi ngasinye.

Izingubo zaseRussia ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaPeter I

UPeter I waseRussia uthathwa njengomunye wababusi abakhulu baseRussia, obambe iqhaza elibalulekile ezingutsheni zamaRussia. Ngesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe, uPedro I wakhipha isimemezelo lapho Ukusetshenziswa kwezingubo zendabuko zaseRussia bekungavunyelwe futhi kukhethwa izingubo zangaphandle. Lokhu bekungukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwangaphandle kwazo zonke izinto ezintsha le Tsar yaseRussia ezogcina izethule ezweni lakhe.

Ngaphandle kwalo mthetho, abalimi baseRussia abathintekanga ngalokhu kuvinjelwa. Eqinisweni, abalimi baseRussia bangabantu abalondolozayo ngokweqiniso abavamile ukwenza izinguquko noma izinguquko ezingutsheni zabo. Izingubo zendabuko eRussia phakathi kwabalimi zitholwe njengefa zizukulwane ngezizukulwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingubo zazivame ukwenziwa ngakunye kusetshenziswa izinto ezazenziwe kahle ekhaya.

Hhayi lokho kuphela, ngaphezu kwabalimi, Izingubo zendabuko eRussia nazo zigcinwe yiCossacks, Old Believers, Freeholders nezinye izingxenye noma imicu yomphakathi waseRussia.. Akungabazeki ukuthi, njengoba iRussia iyizwe elikhulu kangaka futhi inezindawo zezulu ezahlukahlukene ezisukela ezindaweni ezishisayo kuze kube sezingeni le-arctic, izitayela ezahlukahlukene zokugqoka zavela kuzo zonke izifunda zaseRussia.

Isitayela sokondla sabalimi baseRussia

Izici ezibalulekile njengokuphila okungashintshi kwabalimi, ukulinganisela kwabo nokunamathela kwabo okuqinile emasikweni, kuthinte imvunulo ejwayelekile yabesifazane baseRussia. Izingubo zendabuko ezigqokwa ngabesifazane baseRussia ucishe asifihle ngokuphelele isibalo sakhe sowesifazane, egxile ebusweni ngekhanda elalisebenza ukufihla izinwele ngokuphelele. Uma kukhulunywa ngezingubo zamadoda ensimini, lokhu bekulokhu kulula kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kungohlobo olufanayo kulo lonke elaseRussia.

Izikimu zombala ezingutsheni zaseRussia

Ngokwesiko izingubo zaseRussia zisuselwa ku ukusetshenziswa kwemibala emibili eyisisekelo: okumhlophe nokubomvu. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi igama "obomvu" lalisetshenziswa esikhathini esedlule ukuqamba yonke into enhle. Ngakho-ke, izakhi ezibomvu ezihlelwe ezingutsheni zazithathwa njengezinto ezinhle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhumana namanye amazwe kuholele ekuveleni kwemibala emisha ezingutsheni zaseRussia ezifana nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, igolide noma okuphuzi.

Amaphethini nokufekethiswa njengezinto zokuhlobisa

Engxenyeni eseningizimu yeRussia, amaphethini weJiyomethri nezitshalo zazivame kakhulu ezingutsheni ezazigqokwa izakhamuzi. Endaweni esenyakatho, amaphethini wejometri, amaphethini we-zoo namaphethini ahlobene nempilo yomuntu abonwa. Lokho okungukuthi, izibalo zezingwe, amahhashi, amapigogo, ukwakheka kwedayimane, umuthi wokuphila, njll.

Ibhande: isesekeli esiyimpoqo ezingutsheni zaseRussia

Ibhande liyaqhubeka nokuba yingxenye ephoqelekile yengubo yendabuko yamaRussia, abesilisa nabesifazane. Ukubaluleka kwayo ukuthi esikhathini esedlule kwakucatshangelwa ukuthi kunamandla okuvikela futhi kusebenza njengentelezi enamandla. Amantombazane amancane aseRussia ayegqoka uhlobo lwebhande lesihlalo elaziwa njenge "lakomki", ngenkathi abesifazane bephethe izikhwama zemali nezinto ezincane emabhandeni abo.

Kwakuvamile futhi ukuthi abesifazane babophe amabhande abo ngaphansi kwesifuba noma ngaphansi kwesisu, kuyilapho abesilisa babevame ukugqoka izesekeli zokubhema emabhande abo.

Izingubo zaseRussia entwasahlobo, ekwindla nasebusika

ngokumangazayo izingubo zangaphandle zazifana kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Ama-caftans wendabuko, amajazi okuzenzela namajazi abalimi asetshenzisiwe. Ukufana okuyinhloko kwezingubo kwakungukuqhekeka okujulile endaweni yangakwesobunxele. Lezi zingubo zaseRussia zazigqokwa entwasahlobo nasekwindla.

Ngesikhathi sasebusika, izingubo zendabuko zaseRussia zazifana nakwabesilisa nabesifazane ngokufanayo. Abantu babevame ukugqoka amajazi esikhumba semvu, amajazi ezinyamazane, ngaphezu kwamajazi amade futhi kuzo zonke izimo uboya buhlala bungaphakathi.

Izingubo zaseRussia ngesikhathi seNguquko Yezimboni

Nge ukuthuthukiswa industrial nokwehla kwamanani ezindwangu nezingubo zokugqoka, ukuthuthukiswa kwamadolobha kwaba nomthelela ezingutsheni zendabuko zaseRussia. Ekugcineni, phakathi kwabalimi abasadla ngoludala, izinhlobo zokugqoka ezinjengeziketi namablawuzi zaqala ukuvela.

Imvunulo ejwayelekile yaseRussia yomuntu

Ngokwesiko amadoda ayegqoka amabhulukwe, ihembe, imvamisa enekhola etshekile, nangaphezulu bavale ngebhande. Bekuvamile futhi nokuthi bagqoke izigqoko zoboya ezisikiwe, ezazitholakala ngezinhlobo ezahlukene. Kancane kancane isigqoko sathathelwa indawo yisigqoko sendwangu noma ikepisi lesikhumba, esinethonya elinamandla lesitayela sasemadolobheni.

Imvunulo ejwayelekile yaseRussia yabesifazane

I-Las Abesifazane baseRussia babevame ukugqoka ihembe elinesiketi nohlobo lwekhanda okuthiwa "USoroka". Kwakuvamile ukuthi bagqoke ihembe elinemikhono emide futhi ngaphezulu kwalo babegqoka isiketi esaziwa ngokuthi "IPoneva". Engxenyeni engaphambili basebenzise iphinifa, kanti engxenyeni engenhla ezinye izakhi ezingeziwe.