Among the Russian ethnic groups, which are numerous, stands out from the dargins currently living in Dagestan and the Republic of Kalmykia. The neighboring ethnic groups are the Tabasarans, Agul, Laks, Ávaros and the Kumuks.
And the races include Sunni Muslims, Shiites, and some Muslim communities as well. Al Dargin are considered an indigenous people of the Caucasus region, who lived relatively isolated from foreign influence until the beginning of the great Arab conquests in the 8th century, when they were exposed to Islam for the first time.
Since the 14th century, they were politically controlled by the Kaytaks, who are now considered a sub-group of Dargins. Although introduced to Islam in the 8th century, the Dargins remained mainly animists until the 15th century when Muslim influence grew stronger, with Persian merchants coming from the south.
In the 16th century, the Ottoman Turks occupied the area, and also helped consolidate Islam. In the 19th century, very few of the Dargins had converted to Islam. Muslim fundamentalist tendencies are very strong among the Dargins, along with a deep anti-Russian sentiment.
Just after the Bolshevik revolution, the government in Moscow established Arabic as the official language in the region. Dargins and other peoples rebelled, and in 1921, the autonomous Dagestan was established, including the Dargin population.
Soviet policy towards the eastern region was cruel and very unstable in the 1920s, with the incidence of purges against Muslim leaders, changes in the official language. After 1991, in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union, secessionists with nationalism are gaining traction among the Dargins.
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